All the major asset classes posted gains last week, based on a set of ETF proxies. Thanks in part to another decision by the Federal Reserve to forgo an interest-rate hike, investor sentiment turned bullish, driving up prices for the five trading days through Friday, Sep. 23.
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● The Wealth of Humans: Work, Power, and Status in the Twenty-first Century
By Ryan Avent
Summary via publisher (St. Martin’s Press)
None of us has ever lived through a genuine industrial revolution. Until now. Digital technology is transforming every corner of the economy, fundamentally altering the way things are done, who does them, and what they earn for their efforts. In The Wealth of Humans, Economist editor Ryan Avent brings up-to-the-minute research and reporting to bear on the major economic question of our time: can the modern world manage technological changes every bit as disruptive as those that shook the socioeconomic landscape of the 19th century?
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Morningstar tells us that efforts at taming volatility in a multi-asset class framework generally turns up mixed results among publicly traded funds. Studying 60 products that are labeled “multiasset volatility-protection funds,” a recent Morningstar article reports that “as a group, volatility-protection funds do generally offer refuge when equity markets turn negative.” But it’s debatable if the extra cost and complexity that tends to define this group is worthwhile. As Morningstar notes, a simple blended index of 40% equities/60% bonds, which can be created with low-cost index funds, delivered superior downside risk management during periods when the S&P 500 fell.
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US economic output remained steady at a below-trend rate in August, based on this morning’s update of the three-month average of the Chicago Fed National Activity Index (CFNAI-MA3). Last month’s reading inched up to -0.07, the highest since Sep. 2015. But the slightly below-zero level reflects modest economic activity, which is in line with the data over the last several months.
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The Federal Reserve left interest rates unchanged yesterday, which Janet Yellen insisted wasn’t because the central bank is downgrading its outlook on the economy. Quite the contrary, Fed Chair Janet Yellen advised. “Our decision does not reflect a lack of confidence in the economy,” she said in a press conference on Wednesday. Economic growth is holding steady at a “moderate pace,” by her reckoning. But the Treasury market isn’t wholly convinced. Maybe that’s because the Fed’s economic forecasts were flat to slightly lower vs. the June projections.
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The US economy’s forward momentum remained sluggish in August. Although recession risk was low last month, a series of disappointing indicator updates in recent weeks suggest that the macro trend continues to struggle.
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Is the US economy trapped in what might be described as a macro version of Dante’s Nine Circles of Hell? No one knows the answer at this point, but the possibility may be rising that the US economy is destined to hobble along with tepid growth while avoiding a formal NBER-defined recession. In that scenario, the Federal Reserve can’t raise interest rates or “normalize” policy, leaving the economy in a perpetual state of dysfunction.
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US stocks and bonds managed to eke out gains last week as the remainder of the major asset classes slumped, based on a set of representative ETFs.
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● The Upside of Inequality: How Good Intentions Undermine the Middle Class
By Edward Conrad
Summary via publisher (Portfolio)
Four years ago, Edward Conard wrote a controversial bestseller, Unintended Consequences, which set the record straight on the financial crisis of 2008 and explained why U.S. growth was accelerating relative to other high-wage economies. He warned that loose monetary policy would produce neither growth nor inflation, that expansionary fiscal policy would have no lasting benefit on growth in the aftermath of the crisis, and that ill-advised attempts to rein in banking based on misplaced blame would slow an already weak recovery. Unfortunately, he was right. Now he’s back with another provocative argument: that our current obsession with income inequality is misguided and will only slow growth further. Using fact-based logic, Conard tracks the implications of an economy now constrained by both its capacity for risk-taking and by a shortage of properly trained talent—rather than by labor or capital, as was the case historically. He uses this fresh perspective to challenge the conclusions of liberal economists like Larry Summers and Joseph Stiglitz and the myths of “crony capitalism” more broadly.
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Softer-than-expected data continues to weigh on the August economic profile for the US. Retail sales slumped last month as did industrial output; translating the numbers into year-over-year changes reveals a downside bias. Initial jobless claims remain a bright spot, although the August payrolls report that was published earlier in the month posted a sharp deceleration in growth. Although the macro trend for the US is still on track to remain positive, recent numbers raise the possibility that growth will remain sluggish. As a result, the Federal Reserve is unlikely to raise interest rates at next week’s monetary policy meeting.
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